Explosion-motor.



M. B. CRIST EXPLOSION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APB.20, 1910.

1,089,462. Patented Mar.10,1914.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR.

BY S 1 1s ATTORNEY IN FACT.

ill

B. tIilEtIST, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASiSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN ELENTS, 1'0 THE CULGNIAL TRUST CGMPANY, TRUSTEE, 0F EITTSBURGH, PENN- SY'LVANIA, A CUBEOEA'JC'IGN PENNSYLVANIA.

ELiETlELUSIOllT-IMEUTGB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented llllar, 10, 1914;.

a lication filed s in so, 1910. Sriallt'o. 556,452.

To aZZeo/"wm it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MARK B. Carer. citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Explosiondiiotors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the general class of explosion motors but particularly to that class in which the explosion charge consists of a mixture of air and gas.

it is well known that gases having different B. T. U. values require difderent proportions of air toefiect proper combustion in the explosion chamber or the motor. For example the proportion or" producer gas to air is generally about 1 to 1 while the proportions of natural gas to air is about 1 to 13. The proportioning of air and gas for the combustion fuel may be provided by arranging difl erent port cuttings in a piston admission valve whose ports communicate with the air and gas inlets and the proper proportions will be maintained so long as the value of the gas remains constant. it however, as might easily be the case where producer gas is used, and the mixture is ad justed .for the most economical operation the B. T. U. value of the gas falls off, the-relative proportions of air and gas entering the combustion chamber will be such as not to produce the proper mixture because as the gas becomes poorer the percentage of air to gas should be decrea ed and as the gas be comes richer again the relative proportion of air to gas should be increased. it becomes desirable then to provide means whereby a proper mixture will be maintained irrespective of variations in the B. T. U. value of the gas. If however the engine is operating on gas or" constant B. 'l. U. value, the richness of the mixture will be varied in proportion to the load. a

l have provided means for maintaining the admission fuel mixture in proper proportions of air and gas irrespective of variations in the quality of the gas during the operation oi the engine so that should the gas decrease in quality, a greater proportion of gas may be admitted as part of the mixture than would be admitted when the gas was rich. instead of throttling the gas, the air may be throttled, or if desired, the air and gas could be throttled simultane o usly that is, more air admitted at the same time that less gas was admitted or vice versa.

Sucha means as just described is adapted to be used in the main line for a bank of engines running in parallel. It becomes desirable in actuaL engine practice to govern the charge locally; that is, for eacli individual engine dueto change in load, and I have provided means for accomplishing this result, one form of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which the figure is a cross sectional view through a gas engine cylinder equipped with a mix- 111g valve.

The figure is a cross sectional view through a gas engine cylinder equipped with a 12113112112 valve constructed in accordance with my invention, and a throttling regulat-or shown in vertical section and partly in elevation. v

referring to the drawings by numerals of reference, 1 designates a gas engine cylinder provided with the usual exhaust valve 2. The cylinder is shown as being provided with an inlet port 3 having a mixihg valve comprising a casing 41- provided with gas ports 5 and air ports 6. Within the casing i is a reciprocatory piston or trunk valve 7 having gas and airports designated by the reference numerals 5 and 6 and adapted to register with the gas and air ports in the casing 4. The valve 7 is carried by the stem 8 of a mushroom valve 9 which normally closes port 3 but the movement of which is synchronous with that of the valve 7 The valve stem 8 carries a head'or disk 10 which is spring pressed so as to normally keep the valve 9 closed and consequently the valve 7 closed. The valves 7 and 9 are intermittently moved in opening directions by a rocking lever 11 shown as fulcrumed at 12 and actuated by rod 13 from some suitable shaft in a well known manner. On the shaft 8 is shown an arm 14 adapted to be connected to a governor or speed responsive device whereby a change in load will rotate the valve 7 about the valve stem 8 and throttle the charge. When the lever 11 is caused to effect an inward movement of the valves 7 and 9 the ports 5 and 6 are opened and the proper quantity of air and gas will be admitted to the combustion chamber. If the load remains constant, a given quantity the valve 7. If the load tion to the amount of air.

-- less gas and relatively more air.

gas passing into ment of the lever of the spring 26.is connected to one movement through 55 have a tendency to move valve '15 so as through pipe 16 and through governor b l l observed that designates a of gas and air will passvthrough the ports 5 and 6 and the port cuttingsf) and 6 in increases, however, it may be necessary to admit a richer mixture, that is, change the proportion of air and gas so as to admit more gas in propor- If the load falls mixture may be employed, that is, I have provided means for taking careof changes in load so as to vary the amount of'air and the mixing valve 7. I to the drawings it will be butterfly valve in the gas supply pipe 16. The link 17 connected to said valve 15 is also connected to a off, a lean reference I link 18 which in turn is connected to a lever 19 fulcrumed at 20 one bracket 21 on the stationary element 22 of a pressure regulator illustrated as a gasometen- The stationary element or tank 22 of the pressure regulator in communication with the pipe 16 through a pipe 23 so that the pressure within the movable element or hell 24 of the gasometer will be dependent upon the pressure in the pipe 16. The movable member or bell 24 of the gasometer is connected to the lever 19 by link 25 so that any move- 19 movement to the link 18 will likewise impart movement to the link 25 and therefore move the bell 24. I

An adjustable controlling means is 'provided for actuating the bell illustrated as a spring 26 connected to the lever 19 on the side of the fulcrum which the links 18 and 25 are. The spring 26 is connected to a threaded pin 27 passing through an internally threaded adjusting wheel 28 carried on thepin 27 and which se-v cures it to the lever 19. The other end end of a lever 29- 'which may be removably fulcrumed to the bracket 30 or 31 on the post G. The brackets 30 and 31have fulcrum receiving openings 32 and 33 respectively sothat the lever 29 may be caused to be'fulcrumed to either bracket to suit existing conditions. The lever29 is connected to a collar 34 of the speed responsive device 35 which is illustrated as a centrifugal governor.

Under ordinary conditions the valves ,7 and 9 will receive constant intermittent the lever 11,.the link 13 and a cam which actuates it. If the load inwhich will impart I20 opposite to that on" creases on the engine the governor ballswill,

v'e'r29 is fulcrumed at 32 tension will be put .on the spring 26, having a press the gasometer' dome to increase 24 and opal- 16 the opening 5 If theload falls off the and port cutting 5", g

fly out, the lever 29 inward. If the le-.

tendency to tie-- parent that the will be put under compression, thegasomf eter dome 24 will be raised, the valve 15 be partially closed, and the gas flow will'be retarded. Under some conditions, it may be desirable to ope-ration take place tions. For example, decrease the pressure in heavy loads and to increase it under light loads and for this condition the lever 29 may have just the opposite under the same condibe fulcrumed at 33 instead of 32. In grderto make a standarddevic'e Imay arrange on the post G botharms 30 and 31 so that the however,

it maybe desirable to f the pipe l6'under device will be adapted to be used under,

either of the two conditions.

From the foregoing it will-be seen that I have provided an efi'i'cient means controlling the various mixtures according to the variation in load and that the regulator will respond quickly to changes in position of the collar-34 of the speed responsive device 35.

forlocally From the foregoing itwill be apparent that if there is a given pressure in ometer-andthe governor weights, move 1n,

and assuming that the lever29 is fulcrumed' at32, the bell 24 will be depressed so as to increase the pressure in 24 and cause more gas to be admitted to the combustion chamber of the engine. If the engine speedsup too much the; governor weights will move bell 24 and less out relieving pressure in the gas will pass into the engine. It will be ap: asometer the gasis controlled by I the governor so t at there will'be variations of pressure and therefore variations of rate" of flow according to the speed of the engine resulting in variations gas. f v l j ,Having now described my invention, what lclainiis:-'

1. In a gas engine, the combination with a mixture governing valve,

duits leading to said valve, a valve in one of said conduits and: independent of the first named valve, a pressure regulator. connected to the last named valve, and s'i've device connected to'the pressure regu later.

i 2. In a gas engine, amixture'governing' air and' gas' conduits leadin pressure regulated meansj or varymgfthe. pressure in one of said conduits, and a speed responsive device for controlling the pres sure regulated means.

3. In an internal valve, su r g r in mmtmeetm th said conduits, andia spflid resp nsive, for "controlling the "pressure combustion engine, a

um regains evice" air and gas -con} l the" quality -of the its,

a peedr spm conduits leading to saidvalvaa pres one of d vi'ei valve in one of saidconduits, means con? fle n thel s n m l e e-Sa d p s 4 wasse fi sr 1,089,462 3 mixture governing valve, air and gas con- 6. In an internal combustion engine, a duits in communication with said valve, a mixture gmernmg valve, air and gas convalve in one ofsald conduits, a pressure dults in communication with said valve, a

regulator in communication with one of said i pressure regulator 111 one of sa d conduits, a I

5 conduits, a speed responsive device for conspeed responsive device on the engine and 20 trolling the pressure in said pressure reguj controlling said regulator to vary the rate later, and means for connecting said presof flow through one of said conduits. sure regulator to the last named valve. i In testimony whereof, I have hereunto In a gas engine, a mixture governing subscribed my name this 18th day of April,

10 valve, air and gas conduits leading to said 1910.

valve, a speed responsive device, and means I responsive to variations in position of a I MARK ORIST' movable part' of said speed responsive de- Witnesses: vice for varying the pressure in one of said O. W. MCGHEE, 15 conduits. F. FUNK.

certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,089,462,

1914, upon the application of Mark B. Grist, of Pittsburgh,

It is hereby granted March 10,

Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Explosion-Motors an error appears in the printed specification line 115, after the Word requiring correction as follows: Page 2, governing insert the Word valve; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Qflice.

Signed and sealed this 31st day of March, A. -D., 19M.

Letters Patent No. 1,089,462.

[SEAL] J. 1*. NEWTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Correction in 

